ABSTRACT
Myoclonus dystonia syndrome (MDS) is an inherited movement disorder, and most MDS-related mutations have so far been found in the ε-sarcoglycan (SGCE) coding gene. By generating SGCE-knockout (KO) and human 237 C > T mutation knock-in (KI) mice, we showed here that both KO and KI mice exerted typical movement defects similar to those of MDS patients. SGCE promoted filopodia development in vitro and inhibited excitatory synapse formation both in vivo and in vitro. Loss of function of SGCE leading to excessive excitatory synapses that may ultimately contribute to MDS pathology. Indeed, using a zebrafish MDS model, we found that among 1700 screened chemical compounds, Vigabatrin was the most potent in readily reversing MDS symptoms of mouse disease models. Our study strengthens the notion that mutations of SGCE lead to MDS and most likely, SGCE functions to brake synaptogenesis in the CNS.
ABSTRACT
Isolation rearing (IR) enhances aggressive behavior, and the central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system has been linked to IR-induced aggression. However, whether the alteration of central serotonin is the cause or consequence of enhanced aggression is still unknown. In the present study, using mice deficient in central serotonin Tph2 and Lmx1b, we examined the association between central serotonin and aggression with or without social isolation. We demonstrated that central serotonergic neurons are critical for the enhanced aggression after IR. 5-HT depletion in wild-type mice increased aggression. On the other hand, application of 5-HT in Lmx1b mice inhibited the enhancement of aggression under social isolation conditions. Dopamine was downregulated in Lmx1b mice. Similar to 5-HT, L-DOPA decreased aggression in Lmx1b mice. Our results link the serotoninergic system directly to aggression and this may have clinical implications for aggression-related human conditions.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical application of Morse Fall Scale by primary nurses.Methods Morse Fall Scale was used to assess the falling risk in 21,378 patients by the primary nurses.The application of the Morse Fall Scale, choices of right time for assessment and the occurrence of falls in patients with risks of falling were evaluated by a self-designed questionnaire.Results Among 21,378 patients, 222 patients were at risk of falling.In terms of the items like the history of falls,more than one diagnosis,intravenous injection,the accuracy of assessment was above 91.6%.In terms of the items like aided walking,gait,cognitive state,the assessment accuracy is below 86.0%.The accuracy of assessment timing selection in the situations like admission,the score by Morse fall scale over 24at admission and the accuracy in choosing right time for assessment was was above 90.2% after transferring to other deparments and falling.The accuracy in choosing the right time for fall assessment was below 67.9% under such conditions as apostasies,and oral administration of drugs probably leading to fall. Conclusions It is acceptable that the primary nurses use the Morse fall scale to assess patients with risky falls and for the right choice of assessment.Attention should be paid to strengthen the nurses training to improve the accuracy of the scale,to make sure to choose right time for the assessment so as to prevent the falls of patients to the greatest extent.
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Objective To observe the effects of rehabilitation training combined with health education on quality of life and psychological state of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A total of 108 elderly inpatients with moderate to severe COPD in stable conditions were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group,with 54 patients in each group.The patients in both groups received general respiratory medical therapy.The patients in intervention group also received additional comprehensive rehabilitation training consisting of individualized exercise instructions and health education,while the patients in control group only received online telephone health education and rehabilitation training instruction.Patients in both groups were assessed by using St.George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) and symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) before and after one year of treatment.Results After treatment,the control group's scores for various SGRQ items were similar to the scores within the group before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The intervention group's SGRQ scores for symptoms,mobility and impact on life and the total score were (42.12 ± 11.32),(45.17 ± 10.23),(29.98 ± 6.54) and (41.02±9.92),respectively,significantly different from their baseline values and those of the control group after treatment (P ＜ 0.01).After treatment,the intervention group's SCL-90 scores were significantly improved from baseline values and were also significantly different from the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Comparison between the two groups showed that throughout the treatment period,the number of patients with acute attacks and the number of patients' hospitalization due to acute attacks were statistically significantly lower in the intervention group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Rehabilitation training combined with health education can significantly improve quality of life and psychological health of COPD patients.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of rehabilitation exercise combined with encouragement on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 120 inpatients with moderate or severe COPD in stable conditions were randomized equally into experimental and control groups. The patients in both groups received routine treatment for 1 year, and those in the experimental group had additional respiratory muscle and limb exercises with encouragement. The quality of life, 6-min walking distance, lung function, anxiety and depression levels were compared between the two groups before and after the treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The quality of life was improved significantly in the experimental group after the treatments (P<0.01) with obviously increased 6-min walking distance and lowered levels of anxiety and depression in comparison with those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the patients in the experimental group showed also significantly improved lung functions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation training program with exercise combined with encouragement can improve the physical and emotional state, social adapt ability and the quality of life of patients with COPD.</p>